Two-stroke cycle explosion-motor.



P. PILAIN. rTWO STROKE OYOLI: EXPLOSION MOTOR.

PPLIOATION FILED DEO.31, 1912.

Patented. Oct. 7, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cnw^s|nNGToN. n. c

F. PILAIN.

TWO STROKE OYOLE EXPLOSION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 31, 1912. v

Patented Oct. 7, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 mmm COLUMBIA PLANoapApH Co.,w^sH|NGToN. D. C.

F. PILAIN.

TWO STROKE CYCLE EXPLOSION MOTOR.

APPLIUATION FILED DEG. 31, 1912.

Patented 0013. 7, 1913.

5 SHEETSSHBET 3.

Whew@ F. PILAIN.

rFWO STROKE OYOLE EXPLOSION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED DBU. 31, 1912.

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P. PILAIN.

TWO STROKE CYCLE EXPLOSION MOTOR.

APvPLIoATIoN FILED Dnc. s1. 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH cu., WASHlNaTcm. D. c.

Patented.V Oct. '7, 1913.

FRANQOIS PILAIN,

or* LYON, FRANCE.

TWO-STROKE CYCLE EXPLOSION-MOTOR.

nemesi.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Uct.. 7, MMS.

Application filed December 31, 1912. Serial No. 739,500.

To aZZ 'whom t may concern: y

Be it known that I, FnANgois FILAIN, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Lyon, in France, have invented certain new and useful Tmprovements in Two- Stroke Cycle Explosion-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invent-ion relates to improvements in two stroke cycle explosion motors.

The defective operation and low efficiency that has hitherto prevailed in two-stroke cycle explosion motors arise from difliculties in insuring the exhaust of the burned gases and the suction of fresh gas during a small port-ion of the piston-stroke. The use of circulation channels of very large section partly reduces this inconvenience but as it is necessary to commence the suction before the end of the exhaust, this arrangement is accompanied by the admixturev of burned gases and fresh gases.

The object of the present invention is a so called valveless two stroke cycle motors which, while permitting the use of channels of very large section prevents the mixture of burned gases with fresh gases by introducing the latter into the cylinder in the form of an annular column rising along the walls of the cylinder, while the burned gases remaining in the cylinder after the commencement of the suction are exhausted in the form of a central descending column into a vacuum chamber to reach which said gases pass through channels in the cylinder and piston.

The method of operation consists in producing the exhaust in two phases: The first period of exhaust is effected by ports arranged all laround the cylinder, which are uncovered by the piston, and during the second period of exhaust which commences with the suction, the charge is sucked into the cylinder through the ports which previously served for the exhaust, said ports being alternately put into communication with the exhaust outlet and with the inlet pipe, by means of a sleeve surrounding the cylinder and acting with respect to said ports as a distributing valve.

The operation will be morek readily understood by referring to the accompanying drawings in which,

Figure l is ai vertical section through the axis of the cylinder with the parts in position when the piston is at the end of the up strokeJ at the moment of ignition.

Fig'. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1 with the ports in'position when the piston uncovers the exhaust ports. Fig. 8 is a similar view to Figs. l and 2 showing the position of various parts when the piston is at the end of its down stroke. Fig. t is a similar View to Figs. l to 3 showing the different parts in position at the commencement of the compression period. Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are transverse sections through the cylinder and piston on the lines 5 5, 6 6 and 7-7 respectively of Fig. 3.

The invention involves the use of two concentric and superposed cylinders a and Z9. The upper cylinder a, which is the working cylinder proper, passes partly into the lower cylinder Z, the diameter of which is sufficient to leave an annular space c between said cylinders. The cylinder a; has a series of annularly disposed ports Z which afford communication between the interior of the cylinder and the space a, said ports being located at a height suitable to be uncovered by the piston e when the latter ap proaches the end of its down stroke. By reason of their arrangement annularly all around the circumference of the cylinder a, these ports provide a very large area for the passage of gas. The cylinder Z) is provided with an exterior annular jacket or chamber f which communicates directly with the space c and into which the explosive mixture enters by the itubevv g'. Below said chamber f is a second chamber 71, serving as a collector for the exhaust gases which discharge therefrom th'rough the pipe z. This chamber h` com- `municates with the annular space c by means of ports j and jl.

In the cylinder Z) is a movable sleeve which fits exactlyv in the annular space c between the two cylinders a and Z). This sleeve is provided with longitudinal channels Z opening by orifices m and m1 into the cylinder a and issuing at Z1 into the cylinder b and further with ports n separated from the channels Z by a bridge o and surmounted by a covering ring p. The sleeve is given a movement alternately in opposite directions by eccentric gear (not shown) driven by the motor shaft, and its movements cause the ports @Z of the cylinder a to alternately communicate with the chamber f through the ports n, and with the exhaust chamber 7i through the orificesy m and ports j by means of the channels Z. At other positions the ports l are covered either by the bridge 0 or by the ring p. The piston e working in the cylinder a terminates below in a flange cil fitting tightly against the sleever 7c and forming in the interior of the same a chamber g into which the suction of the burned gases is effected.V The piston is also provided at its upper end with an annular rim r in the interior of which are channels s which terminate at the circumference of the piston and are adaptedv to communicate either with the aforesaid ports d or with channels t, formed lower down in the piston, by means of ports u formed in the wall of cylinder a.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: At the moment of ignition, Fig. l, the ports Z are covered by the piston e and the latter commences its down stroke transmitting to the motor shaft Q; the expansive force of the exploded gases, and bringing the channels s in register with the ports d in the position shown in Fig. 2. As at this moment the orifices m of the channels Z are also in register with the ports CZ, a portion of the burned gases pass directly to the exhaust chamber through the ports y' and are discharged through the pipe z'. During this time the descent of the piston has produced a vacuum in the chamber g which is cut off from all communication. The piston con tinuing to descend arrives at the end of its stroke (Fig. 3) in which position the ports d after having been covered by the piston itself and by the bridge 0 of the sleeve .7c are again uncovered and place the inlet chamber f in communication with the interior of the cylinder. At the same time the vacuum chamber q is placed in communication with the cylinder through the channels s, u and t and owing to the vacuum therein sucks into said chamber the burned gases still'remaining in the cylinder. The suction thus produced in the cylinder causes an intake of fresh mixture above the piston this mixture being directed upward in a vertical current by the rim r, in such a manner that the currents of fresh mixture, and of the burned gases remain independent of one another and have no tendency to mix.

The piston invrising does not cover the ports l until suflicient time has elapsed to allow the complete charging of the cylinder, that is to say, when it has reached the position shown in Fig. 4. At this moment the solid ring p of sleeve k in descending closes said ports to prevent return of the gases in the cylinder to the inlet chamber f when the channels s uncover the ports 0l, while the orifices m1 leading into the vacuum chamber g cause the latter to communicate with the exhaust chamber 71, in order that the .gases sucked into said chamber can be forced out by the flange e1 of the piston and discharged into said exhaust chamber through the ports jl. The piston on continuing to rise, compresses the charge in the cylinder until itV has again reached its highest position (Fig. l) whereupon a fresh explosion is produced.

What 1 claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is l. ln a two stroke cycle explosion motor the combination of a cylinder having common intake and exhaust ports, a Vpiston working in said cylinder adapted to cover and uncover said ports, an inlet chamber and an exhaust chamber exteriorly of lsaid cylinder, a vacuum chamber between the piston and cylinder, a reciprocatable member adapted to place said ports alternately in communication with said inlet and exhaust chambers and means controlled by said reciprocatable member whereby part of the burned gases in the cylinder are passed into said vacuum chamber.

2. In a two stroke cycle explosion motor the combination of a cylinder having common annularly disposed intake and exhaust ports, a piston working in said cylinder adapted to cover and uncover said ports, an inlet chamber and an exhaust chamber interiorly of said cylinder, a reciprocatable sleeve surrounding the cylinder adapted to place said ports alternately in communication with said inlet and exhaust'chambers, means on the pistonfor causing gases admitted through said ports to assume anannular column along the walls of the cylinder, and means whereby burned gases may be exhausted from the cylinder in a central descending column separate from the incoming column and through the piston and said ports.v

3. In a two stroke cycle explosion motor the combination of a cylinder having common annularly disposed intake and exhaust ports, an inlet chamber and exhaust chamber exteriorly of said cylinder, a vacuum chamber between the piston and the cylinder, a reciprocatable sleeve adapted to place said ports alternately in communication with said inlet and exhaust chambers, means on the piston for causing gases admitted through said ports to `assume an annular column along the walls of the cylinder. means whereby burned gases may be exhausted from the cylinder in a central column separate from the incoming column and through the piston and said ports and Vmeans controlled by the aforesaid recipro-v catablesleeve whereby part of said burned gases may be passed into said vacuum chainber andy subsequently discharged therefrom into the exhaust chamber. p

4. In a two stroke cycle explosion motor the combination of a cylinder having com mon inlet and exhaust ports and comprising l two concentric members providing an annular space between same, apiston working inv said cylinder adapted to cover and uncover said ports, an inlet chamber and an exhaust chamber exteriorly of said cylinder, a sleeve reciprocatable in the annular space between the cylinder members said sleeve provided with means for alternately placing said ports in communication with the inlet and exhaust chambers.

5. In a two stroke cycle explosion motor the combination of a cylinder having common inlet and exhaust ports and comprising two concentric members separated to provide an annular space between same, a piston working in said cylinder adapted to cover and uncover said ports, inlet and exhaust means exteriorly of said cylinder, a sleeve reciprocatable in the space between the cylinder members, a bridge member and a ring on said sleeve adapted to cont-rol the passage through said ports in relation to said inlet and exhaust means.

6. In a two stroke cycle explosion motor the combination of a cylinder having common inlet and exhaust ports and comprising two concentric members separated to provide an annular space between same, a piston working in said cylinder adapted to cover and uncover said ports, inlet and exhaust means exteriorly of said cylinder a sleeve reciprocatable in the space between the cylinder members, and adapted to control said ports in relation to the inlet and exhaust means, a vacuum chamber between the piston and one of the cylinder members and coperating means in the cylinder members piston and sleeve whereby part of the exhaust gases in the cylinder may be passed through said ports into the vacuum chamber and subsequently discharged from said chamber to the exhaust means.

7. In a two stroke cycle explosion motor the combination of a cylinder having common inlet and exhaust ports extending through its wall and auxiliary exhaust channels formed in its wall, a piston working in said cylinder adapted to cover and uncover said ports and provided with channels adapted to communicate with said auxiliary exhaust channels, a vacuum chamber between the piston and cylinder adapted for communication with said piston channels, an annular rib on the inner end of the piston adapted to deflect gases entering through the aforesaid ports and the piston having further channels in its head within said rib adapted to communicate with said ports or with said auxiliary exhaust channels Jfor discharge of burned gases directly through said ports or to the vacuum chamber.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANQOIS PILAIN. Witnesses:

JEAN GERMAIN, GUILLAUME PiocHE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G. 

